11. Yet, before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad – in order that God’s purpose in election might stand:
12. not by works but by him who calls – she was told, ‘The older will serve the younger.’
13. Just as it is written: ‘Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.’
14. What then shall we say? Is God unjust? Not at all!
15. For he says to Moses,‘I will have mercy on whom I have mercy,and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.’
16. It does not, therefore, depend on human desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.
17. For Scripture says to Pharaoh: ‘I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.’