1. These are the nations the Lord left behind to test all the Israelites who had not experienced any war in Canaan.
2. The Lord left them to teach Israel’s descendants about war, at least those who had known nothing about it in the past.
3. He left the five rulers of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived on Mount Lebanon from Mount Baal Hermon to the border of Hamath.